Showing 29,025 complaints for RAM
Incident date: Mar 12, 2025
The 8th generation of the VW Golf (and 7th generation Jetta) has a dangerous Hill Start Assist for manual transmission cars that cannot be disabled. When stopped on an incline, the car holds the brakes after the driver removes their foot from the pedal for a variable amount of time (upwards of 2 seconds), which was originally designed to help start on steep inclines. This is dangerous for a numb
... er of reasons. The first is that it's impossible to gauge when the car will release the brakes, so it will always roll backwards. The reaction of the driver to rolling backwards, instead of timing the movement from brakes to accelerator is much more difficult and often causes more delays due to stalling. The second is that the driver has no visibility to a sensor or light for this mechanism, making it very unpredictable. Lastly, drivers behind the vehicle see the brake lights go off when the driver lifts their foot, but the car is unable to move for multiple seconds, which causes more risk of injury, accident, and overall traffic.Read more
Incident date: Mar 12, 2025
As with many Hyundai vehicles, soon after I hit 100,000 miles, there was unbeknownst to me and oil leak that caused the engine to seize. There was no indicatior lights warning of the issue. My car’s has been maintained, and although this is under warranty, Hyundai is refusing to fix the issue because I cannot produce oil receipts for the past 4 1/2 years that I’ve owned the car. Those that I
... have produced, they say are not enough. The service station that I normally had my oil changed at has shuttered. So I cannot get as many oil change receipts as they want. Besides, who keeps receipts of this nature and what if oil changes were done privately?Read more
Incident date: Mar 1, 2025
When wet, during rain or after a car wash. The engine will rev, the car will shake, and then shut off. I believe it’s the alternator.
Incident date: Mar 3, 2025
On March 3rd, This dealership replaced the stop sale safety recall on our Commercial vehicle (C4B) with a part that was not created for our truck. This resulted in hydraulic brake fluid spewing out of the HCU all over significant areas under the hood, including the ABS Module and wiring. Upon realizing the HCU was spewing hydraulic brake fluid, we brought the truck back on March 7th, and again, t
... he dealership replaced the HCU with the incorrect part (but assuring us it was the actual part for this specific recall) and Sam (service advisor) told us they would also be replacing the ABS Module and the wiring associated, as the ABS module had also been recently replaced and was still covered under warranty. When we received the car back, Sam (service advisor) explained that they would like the truck back at a later date to replace the wiring - that they have already replaced the ABS module so we will still see the ABS light, but only because the wiring needs to be redone. We picked up our truck on Friday March 8th, and when my fiancé began his route on [XXX] with his trailer attached, he made it about 20 miles before his truck completely shut down mid-drive while on a busy road- forcing him to have to coast over a 4 lane roadway and into a ditch avoiding collision of oncoming traffic with his trailer and equipment attached. We discovered that the mechanics had fraudulently replaced our HCU with another trucks HCU and had to force the recall through Mopar's reimbursement process, as it was rejected multiple times because the remedy is not currently available therefore unable to be completed. I have attached the full story in a PDF document for further information. Phone: [XXX] Email: [XXX] contact me for any information you may need in addition to this. INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6)Read more
Incident date: Mar 3, 2025
The contact owns a 2007 Jeep Wrangler. The contact stated that while driving into a parking area, the contact heard a loud bang, prompting the contact to attempt to stop the vehicle. The contact stated that the brake pedal needed to be pumped several times before the vehicle came to a stop. After a visual inspection, the contact observed that the rear passenger side tire was punctured, and the bra
... ke caliper and rotor had detached. The contact believed that the failure of the caliper had punctured the tire. No warning lights were illuminated. The vehicle was not taken to the dealer or an independent mechanic. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was not notified of the failure. The failure mileage was 86,000.Read more
Incident date: Mar 3, 2025
Vehicle had several non-starts. I took it to the dealer a couple of times and they could not duplicate the problem. This problem continued for a couple years before I took it to an independent mechanic. Said mechanic put it on a lift and found a loose power cable barely connected to the starter. Luckily this never caused a short, spark, or fire. From my searching online it appears this is a non-in
... frequent issue with Hyundai's.Read more
Incident date: Feb 18, 2024
While driving on the highway, I heard a loud POP coming from the roof of my vehicle. I have a panoramic sunroof. I then pulled over and saw that my sunroof had shattered. The car is less than two years old. I did some research and discovered that I was not the first person to whom this happened. I contacted Jeep, and they were no help with it. They stated they were not responsible for anything and
... did not even care what I had to say.Read more
Incident date: Mar 10, 2025
The coil packs of the 2020 model have gotten a reputation for going out with no warning. It often happens well driving. In my case, two went bad and I had to limp home. Riding like this can further damage the engine. In some cases this happens to people when they are far away from any place and can end up stranded. A quick Google search of this model in year and coil packs will yield thousands of
... forum posts stating the problem and questions of why BMW has not done more to fix this. They have since changed the coil pack and the ones they put on that biker no longer available. The replacement sell from BMW for $200 each. If you don't replace all four, then you're just biting time till the next one goes out. This issue often happens and bikes with less than 10,000 miles. Mine for example has 9500. Since I live in a part of the country that has winter, I cannot ride the bike year around and my bike is out of warranty even though it has under 10,000 miles on it. I have yet to get it to a dealer because the closest one is 3 hours away and I do not have a trailer. The bike cannot be ridden. I will manage to get it there however I cannot get the dealership to call me back regarding this matter. I have enlisted the help of BMW which is reluctant to say they can do anything but we'll absolutely do nothing until I get it to the dealer for them to verify the problem. I'm not a novice mechanic when it comes to motorcycles. I determined that the one and two cylinders are both dead. The dealer will charge the price for the coil packs plus a slightly unreasonable service charge. The end result will be more than a couple thousand dollars for me to get the bike there and pay for the bill. And that is conservative. It is an acknowledged problem among writers and semi acknowledged by the manufacturer. Not sure where this goes from here.Read more
Incident date: Mar 10, 2025
The contact owns a 2016 Ford Explorer. The contact stated that while driving at an undisclosed speed, the A-pillar trim on the driver’s side windshield started to detach. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 24V031000 (Structure); however, the part to do the recall repair was unavailable. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for
... the recall repair. The dealer was contacted. The dealer sent a tech to the residence to diagnose the vehicle. The contact was informed that the A-pillar trim retention clips had failed and needed to be replaced. The dealer confirmed that parts were not yet available. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was not made aware of the failure. The approximate failure mileage was 90,000. VIN tool confirms parts not available.Read more
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
When moving the shifter to the "P" position after parking, the car will refuse to turn off with the message on the dash: "Action Needed: Shift to Park". Shifter is in Park position but car will not recognize this and does not turn off. The issue can sometimes be resolved by pressing the shifter knob button repeatedly, or by pulling the shifter all the way back to drive and forth to park multiple t
... imes until the message is cleared. This happens about 4/10 times that I drive, There is currently a bulletin posted by Chevy for a fix. However, the fix is only covered under a "warranty" and the Chevy repair center at the dealership quoted $400 to complete the repair out of warranty.Read more
Incident date: Nov 1, 2024
Able to shift vehicle from park to gear without brake depressing. Truck jumps from park to reverse without being started. Yellow lights indicators for gear selected. Vehicle has died 3 times, once on highway lost total control of vehicle then turned on by itself. Once loaded with with a trailer turning off highway vehicle died lost power steering and engine functions. Vehicle died total blackou
... t on dash then restarted.Read more
Incident date: Nov 1, 2024
The contact owns a 2021 Buick Envision. The contact stated that while stopped in traffic on the highway, while accelerating, the transmission started slipping and the vehicle jerked abnormally before starting to drive normally. The vehicle was taken to a local dealer where the vehicle was diagnosed, and the contact was informed that additional diagnostic testing was needed to determine the cause o
... f the failure. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was not notified of the failure. The approximate failure mileage was 34,950.Read more
Incident date: Nov 1, 2024
Front exhaust bracket detached from exhaust. An issue that has resulted in a hole in my exhaust. This same issue has been identified and warranty extended for 2019 and 2021 enclaves with the same engine and exhaust parts. Dealership wants to change $1000 to fix the issue.
Incident date: Mar 10, 2025
The vehicle would not start. It is a known problem with this PHEV that if car is not used for a couple of days the 12v battery becomes depleted and the car cannot be started and all systems of the car are dead.
Incident date: Mar 10, 2025
See attached document for complaint.
Incident date: Jan 23, 2025
Vehicle dash lights will come on while driving (wrench light specifically) and vehicle looses all power and drops to 0 RPM 0 Speed. This has happened multiple times and is extremely dangerous! After 4 months, we finally got our appointment at a Ford dealership where they diagnosed the lead frame needs to be replaced. Truck is a 2013 Ford F150 with 114,000 miles and there is a bulletin for this
... concern but the truck is out of warranty by age. The total bill is $1,769.54 and I contacted Ford to see if they would help for customer satisfaction and was told no.Read more
Incident date: Mar 15, 2025
Vehicle broke down on 12/1/2024. Had it towed to the nearest dealership. Dealership claimed that gasoline was pumped into the tank. We knew that wasn't the case. I called the store we last used for fuel and spoke to the manager. She was able to pull my wife up on surveillance and verified that she pumped diesel fuel from a "diesel fuel only" pump on 11/21/24. We also verified that the fuel i
... n the holding tank at the store was actual diesel fuel. My wife purchased 23.45 gallons of diesel fuel. The tank size on this Tahoe is a 24 gallon tank. We had burned half of this fuel before the vehicle broke down. We also verified that no one else had complained about the fuel from the store. Dealership said it needed a new engine. We had it towed to another dealership for a second opinion, but they couldn't verify what happened because the 1st dealership had cleaned out the fuel system. I called GM but they won't help because they are going off what the 1st dealership claimed. Vehicle is still under power train warranty, but they won't fix it. This vehicle left us stranded on the side of the road. Insurance was called and a representative did go and look at the Tahoe. He called back and said that the issue does not fall within our policy.Read more
Incident date: Nov 30, 2024
The contact owns a 2023 Cadillac Escalade. The contact stated while driving 40-45 MPH, the instrument panel lights started blinking, and the vehicle made an abnormally loud sound before shutting off. There was no warning light illuminated. The contact was able to pull over onto the median. The contact stated that the vehicle failed to restart and was towed to the dealer, where it was diagnosed wit
... h excessive oil consumption, causing engine failure. The dealer determined that the engine needed to be replaced. The vehicle was repaired under warranty. The manufacturer was notified of the failure and provided rental vehicle assistance. The failure mileage was approximately 19,000.Read more
Incident date: Nov 19, 2024
Car has two horns, both STOPPED working completely about 2 1/2 years ago and were replaced by the Hyundai dealer in Florence, SC. High pitch horn failed again about 1 year ago, and low pitch horn has now failed. Local Hyundai dealership in Pensacola, FL npow wants $800 to replace what should be fully covered. Car now has 75,00 miles so they say it us out of warrenty. But, a safety issue on a k
... nown problem (per Hydai frum on line and personal experience) should be fully covered by Hyundai.Read more
Incident date: Jan 4, 2025
ABS module inoperative, needs replaced. Brake light,ABS light and downhill assist lights all illuminated as dash warning lights. Jeep has no replacment or repair option available. This is my second report for this problem.
Incident date: Jan 4, 2025
When driving over 65 miles per hour you lose control of steering - known as the death wobble.
Incident date: Mar 15, 2025
Headlights were replaced under the 3yr/36k mile warranty just prior to the 3 yr mark due to the clear coat peeling and headlights showing excessive wear and scratching. 6 months after replacement, the replaced headlights are showing the same signs of clear coat peeling and excessive wear and scratching, far sooner than the original 3 yr mark. The headlight condition continues to deteriorate and
... will eventually need replacement or refurbishment. Now, the Honda emblem on the front, which is covered in clear plastic since it houses anti-collision components, is showing the same signs of wear. This seems premature considering the vehicle was purchased in 2021 and will pose a safety risk soon.Read more
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
The contact owns a 2018 GMC Acadia. The contact stated that while shifting the gear shifter into park(P), the "Shift to Park” message was displayed on the instrument panel. The contact was forced to shift from drive(D) to Park(P) repeatedly before the failure was corrected. In addition, the contact stated that while driving at various speeds, the steering wheel would become sticky with the "Stee
... ring Assist Reduced - Drive with Care," message displayed on the instrument panel. The contact stated while driving at various speeds, the infotainment system glitched and performed independent functions, causing the driver to be distracted. The contact stated that the infotainment system was replaced when the vehicle was purchased due to the failure; however, the failure recently recurred. The manufacturer was made aware of several failures and informed the contact that there were no recalls on the VIN. The vehicle was not repaired. The failure mileage was approximately 105,000.Read more
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
The driver side mirror is unusable. The mirror it self shakes so much while driving you cannot see anything clearly or safely.
Incident date: Mar 12, 2025
Headlights and taillights are fogging/hazing up to where they dimmed out the lights when turned on making is somewhat difficult to see or others behind me to see me.
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
The engine in my 2021 Kia Soul has been experiencing serious performance issues consistent with Recall SC336. The vehicle has erratic RPM fluctuations while idling and has stalled multiple times at stoplights and in traffic. When this happens, it fails to restart immediately, leaving me stranded and creating a serious safety risk. The vehicle has been at Step One Kia in Fort Walton Beach, FL, for
... 2 weeks. The dealership claimed the issue was caused by a clogged air filter, replaced it, & stated the car was “adequately repaired.” However, when I attempted to pick up the vehicle, the Check Engine Light was still on. The owner of the dealership took the keys back and said I would receive a follow-up call on Monday. No call was ever received. I contacted Kia Headquarters and was told to “pick up the car and drive it if I choose to” because there is no remedy available. When I requested a loaner vehicle, I was initially told it was not guaranteed because this was "not an engine issue." When I pointed out that the symptoms were directly related to engine failure, the representative backtracked and said a loaner was simply "not guaranteed." 1. A clogged air filter does NOT cause stalling at idle or failure to restart. A clogged filter would cause gradual power loss, not sudden shutoffs. 2. The Check Engine Light remained on after the repair, proving the issue was not fixed. 3. The dealership refused to conduct recall-related tests, including the PNSS and oil consumption tests. The car stalls in traffic, increasing crash risk. It fails to restart immediately, leaving me stranded. Kia’s refusal to diagnose the issue properly puts my safety at risk. The vehicle is still at the dealership but has not been properly inspected for recall-related failures. Kia refuses to acknowledge a remedy and denies a loaner vehicle. Since these symptoms match Recall SC336, I urge NHTSA to investigate Kia’s failure to inspect and repair affected vehicles.Read more
Incident date: Dec 31, 2024
Our stop/start feature consistently causes the car to stall instead of restarting the engine. This leaves us stranded in or at intersections while waiting for the car to respond to pressing the park and restart buttons. This regularly takes enough time we have narrowly avoided being hit multiple times from suddenly not being able to move. Because it can turn off at any time you are fully stoped we
... have been caught after having to make a complete stop in the middle of an intersection and then still being stalled when the light changed. Honda has experienced the problem and has only been willing to change the battery. A fully charged and new battery does temporarily reduce the number of occurrences. This has only been inspected by Honda because we have not had an actual accident yet. There are no other warning lights on the car at any point. This is a regular and known issue that they have failed to fix.Read more
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
I bought this car for 6000$ in the month of November. I checked everything while buying the car. I did checked the oil level the engine sound its condition and transmission. I did the oil change myself after buying and once in the middle. Suddenly on Feb 16th it got stopped on the middle of the highway. After lot research I see there are thousands of complaints for the kia optima’s and Hyundai S
... onata’s for their failure GDI Engines. I towed to dealership whether they could help replacing engine. They haven’t. I see there are no recalls on this car. I would like to complain regarding this incident and justice should be provided to meRead more
Incident date: Mar 17, 2025
Air vent under steering wheel does not provide proper clearance for brake applications. Foot gets tangled/caught on vent. Had a few close calls during emergency situations. Problem gets worse with thicker sole shoes.
Incident date: Jan 17, 2025
Service anti thief system when trying to start truck message comes on sometimes
Incident date: Jan 17, 2025
Lost power steering without any warning it got very stiff i could not steer the car it got electric power steering pump not mechanical. i want online and this vehicle is made by GM / Opel . many people having the same issue .and parts are discontinuned and only available as used or you can get it shipped from Europe.
Incident date: Mar 13, 2025
Vehicle is slightly off-balance no matter if I do an alignment ball joints seem to always get affected. I’m not sure if the hydraulics are working correctly. Yesterday I just started leaking antifreeze fluid.
Incident date: Jan 4, 2025
At stop light turning right, the car stalled, cut on and cut back off, cut on and back off with about 30 cars behind me. Sputtering. On the dash board it said “Engine power reduced”. I had to be pushed out a main highway by police, and thankfully my [XXX] daughter wasn’t in the back seat. I have had this car 12 days with 48256 miles on it. I’m extremely concerned with the safety of this c
... ar. And when towed was leaking gas like fluid. INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6)Read more
Incident date: Mar 13, 2025
I purchased a Ford Escape 2023 in Green Bay, Wisconsin on [XXX] from Dorsch Ford Dealership. On October 7, 2023 I tried to start my vehicle and the battery was drained/dead. This continued through January of 2024, and I received a new battery. I thought the problem was fixed. Not so, and it has continued throughout the past two years. My vehicle will go into Deep Sleep Mode at different times of t
... he day. I have to drive it to regenerate the battery. At times I do not even have lights when I start the Ford Escape. I have taken it to a Ford Dealership in Appleton. I am suppose to go again on March 25, 2025 and it will be my tenth time. The service person stated why should I even come because they can not find the problem. There is a parasitic draw and it needs to be found, or the battery is not operating properly, and needs to be replaced. I am a school teacher, and I thought I was buying a safe and reliable car. This is not the case. I have over 100 pages of documentation. I have filed complaints with Ford and with the State of Wisconsin Lemon Law to no avail. Also, I am close to warranty and then I will have to pay out of pocket. The Ford Motor Company is violating the consumer laws and not following their obligation to make repairs on my car. This is similar to the Bronco/Maverick battery issue. Something more electrical is happening under the hood. The service people I have dealt with even stated that I don't drive the car regularly. I have to now get up at 4am to get the battery charged. I can not access the added features such as remote start. I paid for something I didn't receive! Plus, what happens when I am driving and the vehicle decides to have a major malfunction? This is wrong on all levels. Please look into this matter immediately. I have had one recall concerning the door locks which were repaired last summer. I am worried and nervous to continue driving the Ford Escape 2023 because of its battery. [XXX] INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6)Read more
Incident date: Mar 15, 2025
Abs module went out. Lights on dash turned on. Abs light, steering wheel light, break light, traction control light, took to the mechanic says it's the Abs module.
Incident date: Mar 16, 2025
Lost connection with the restraint control module. I have 97,000 miles on my truck., and the air bags module malfunctioned at the same time. Now I am a bit worried about driving my truck.
Incident date: Mar 16, 2025
Engine overheats. Stalls while driving. Seizes up. Coolant intrusion
Fire
Incident date: Mar 16, 2025
Unknown
Crash
Incident date: Mar 13, 2025
I purchased the truck used five days ago from a dealership and today the engine shut off on me approximately 12 times. Most occurred while putting the truck into reverse or drive. I was exiting my driveway and the engine turned off halfway into the street. I was unable to move it and since I had to pick up my child, I left the truck halfway in my drive way and half on the street. When I return
... ed home I was able to drive the truck, but approximately 7 minutes later it turned off on me when I turned into a shopping center. The last two times it turned off on me (all on the same day) it occurred while I was on the freeway driving approximately 70 mph. The engine just shut off so I pulled over to the side of the freeway. I was able to drive it shortly after, but then it occurred again. I was able to drive it home approximately 12 miles away without further incidents.Read more
Incident date: Mar 14, 2025
I recently bought vehicle seen there is a recall
Incident date: Mar 14, 2025
valve train/camshaft fairlure which damaged entire engine - happened at 99,650 miles
Incident date: Mar 15, 2025
12v battery warning light and ion Lucian battery light came on manufacture does not want to buy back and apple car play keeps breaking.
Incident date: Feb 26, 2025
MGU (Motor-Generator Unit) is a 48-volt belt-driven motor is malfunctioning. I reported the incident multiple times and been told that MGU part number 68623194AB has been on back ordered for months. They have tried to buy the part from other dealers and they won't sell because it's become an issue. I almost got into an accident when the car completly sputtered and shutoff while driving. Happening
... to my wife today. Put her life at risk. This needs to be address and corrected before someone gets hurt.Read more
Incident date: Feb 26, 2025
Rear camera sometimes does not work when backing up. When the problem occurs, the screen inside the car that is supposed to show an image of the area in back of the vehicle is completely black. The problem does not occur often. It is not easily reproducible. The vehicle can be made available for inspection upon request. If the rear camera does not work, the car could back into objects or people.
... The problem is hard to reproduce. The vehicle was last inspected by a Nissan dealer in December 2024 for an unrelated problem. The rear camera problem had not occurred at that time. The vehicle will be inspected by a NY State licensed mechanic (not a dealer) later in March 2025. There were no warning messages.Read more
Incident date: Feb 26, 2025
The exahust leaks and has noise just like all the other Traverse that have the recall, this also needs the same recall
Incident date: Mar 13, 2025
6.2 engine with catastrophic engine failure. No warning prior to failure.
Incident date: Mar 15, 2025
I own a 2022 Audi Q5 Hybrid, and due to an unresolved recall (93AA), the vehicle’s plug-in hybrid functionality has been completely disabled since November 2024. The vehicle was designed to operate as a PHEV, but it can now only run on gasoline, significantly altering its intended use and efficiency. Audi has failed to provide a repair timeline or offer a loaner vehicle while the recall remains
... unresolved. Additionally, Audi of America has refused to buy back the vehicle, despite it no longer functioning as advertised. This situation raises serious concerns about the reliability of Audi’s hybrid and EV systems, as well as their ability to support affected customers. This recall effectively eliminates a core safety and performance feature of the vehicle, as owners relying on electric operation are forced to use gasoline instead. Given the uncertainty surrounding a fix, I am concerned about Audi’s ability to resolve this issue in a reasonable timeframe. Please see the attached complaint I made to my Utah attorney general's office.Read more
Incident date: Mar 7, 2025
Front right stabilizer broke while driving down street and caused loss of control of vehicle. Vehicle spun to right and crashed into parked vehicle.
Crash
2 injured
Incident date: Mar 10, 2025
The contact owns a 2015 BMW 528I. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 24V608000 (Engine and Engine Cooling, Electrical System); however, the part to do the recall repair was unavailable. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue. The contact had not experienced a fail
... ure. VIN tool confirms parts not available.Read more
Incident date: Mar 11, 2025
Upon starting the RAM 1500 on or about May 1, 2024, the electric power steering rack and pinion failed to operate. There was no steering assistance at all and it was extremely difficult to turn the steering wheel. The truck was not safely drivable. I observed a check engine light illuminated so I drove it carefully to a shop very close to my residence. The code indicated a failed power steerin
... g system but I do not recall the specific code. I contacted my local dealer for assistance. They indicated that since the vehicle was older than 10 yrs old, they did not offer any replacement steering racks or offer any service to the rack. They offered no alternative solution. I did some research, shopped around, and purchased a reconditioned rack and pinion for nearly $2,000. I installed the reconditioned electric rack and pinion assembly myself and power steering control returned as before. Since May 2024, the reconditioned power steering system has been functioning normally. The original rack and pinion is not covered under the limited previous recall. It's barcode reads - P68079506AG and TIC1393C5057 if this is helpful. I have carefully inspected the boots and seals of the unit and all appear very good ruling out any likelihood of water intrusion. Given my electrical engineering background and curiosity, I removed the cover from the circuit board and it does not show any visual damage. It's clean and dry inside. I purchased the truck brand new and it has been garage kept since purchase. It only had approximately 50,000 miles on it when it failed, therefore I am confident that there's a manufacturer defect or long term reliability issue with the electronic circuit design or components used in it that needs to be addressed.Read more